Appendix F

Votes per Electoral Vote (VPEV) in Presidential Elections: 1992 - 2020

*Election results above taken from the Federal Election Commission. Maine and Nebraska not used due to district method. VPEV calculated by taking the losing party's state vote total, plus one vote, divided by the electoral votes of the state. Total votes of the Democrats and Republicans are the minimum votes needed to win their respective states. Please mind the average of averages paradox.

Votes per Electoral Vote - 1992

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	690,080	804,283		76,675.67
Alaska		3	78,294	102,000		26,098.33
Arizona		8	543,050	572,086		67,881.38
Arkansas	6		505,823	337,324	56,220.83
California	54		5,121,325	3,630,574	67,232.87
Colorado	8		629,681	562,850	70,356.38
Connecticut	8		682,318	578,313	72,289.25
Delaware	3		126,055	102,313	34,104.67
District of Col.	3		192,619	20,698	6,899.67
Florida		25	2,072,798	2,173,310		82,911.96
Georgia	13		1,008,966	995,252	76,557.92
Hawaii	4		179,310	136,822	34,205.75
Idaho		4	137,013	202,645		34,253.50
Illinois	22		2,453,350	1,734,096	78,822.59
Indiana		12	848,420	989,375		70,701.75
Iowa	7		586,353	504,891	72,127.43
Kansas		6	390,434	449,951		65,072.50
Kentucky	8		665,104	617,178	77,147.38
Louisiana	9		815,971	733,386	81,487.44
Maryland	10		988,571	707,094	70,709.50
Massachusetts	12		1,318,639	805,039	67,086.67
Michigan	18		1,871,182	1,554,940	86,385.61
Minnesota	10		1,020,997	747,841	74,784.20
Mississippi		7	400,258	487,793		57,179.86
Missouri	11		1,053,873	811,159	73,741.82
Montana	3		154,507	144,207	48,069.33
Nevada	4		189,148	175,828	43,957.25
New Hampshire	4		209,040	202,484	50,621.25
New Jersey	15		1,436,206	1,356,865	90,457.73
New Mexico	5		261,617	212,824	42,565.00
New York	33		3,444,450	2,346,649	71,110.61
North Carolina		14	1,114,042	1,134,661		79,574.50
North Dakota		3	99,168	136,244		33,056.33
Ohio	21		1,984,942	1,894,310	90,205.29
Oklahoma		8	473,066	592,929		59,133.38
Oregon	7		621,314	475,757	67,965.43
Pennsylvania	23		2,239,164	1,791,841	77,906.17
Rhode Island	4		213,302	131,605	32,901.50
South Carolina		8	479,514	577,507		59,939.38
South Dakota		3	124,888	136,718		41,629.67
Tennessee	11		933,521	841,300	76,481.91
Texas		32	2,281,815	2,496,071		71,306.75
Utah		5	183,429	322,632		36,686.00
Vermont		13	1,038,650	1,150,517		79,896.23
Virginia	3		133,592	88,122	29,374.33
Washington	11		993,039	731,235	66,476.00
West Virginia	5		331,001	241,974	48,395.00
Wisconsin	11		1,041,066	930,855	84,623.27
Wyoming		3	68,160	79,347		22,720.33
Totals	366	163	26,145,690	11,023,096	71,436.31	67,626.36
					Advantage Rs by: 0.05

Votes per Electoral Vote - 1996

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	662,165	769,044		73,574.00
Alaska		3	80,380	122,746		26,793.67
Arizona	8		653,288	622,073	77,759.25
Arkansas	6		475,171	325,416	54,236.17
California	54		5,119,835	3,828,380	70,895.94
Colorado		8	671,152	691,848		83,894.13
Connecticut	8		735,740	483,109	60,388.75
Delaware	3		140,355	99,062	33,021.00
District of Col.	3		158,220	17,339	5,780.00
Florida	25		2,546,870	2,244,536	89,781.48
Georgia		13	1,053,849	1,080,843		81,065.38
Hawaii	4		205,012	113,943	28,486.00
Idaho		4	165,443	256,595		41,361.00
Illinois	22		2,341,744	1,587,021	72,137.36
Indiana		12	887,424	1,006,693		73,952.08
Iowa	7		620,258	492,644	70,377.86
Kansas		6	387,659	583,245		64,610.00
Kentucky	8		636,614	623,283	77,910.50
Louisiana	9		927,837	712,586	79,176.33
Maryland	10		966,207	681,530	68,153.10
Massachusetts	12		1,571,763	718,107	59,842.33
Michigan	18		1,989,653	1,481,212	82,289.61
Minnesota	10		1,120,438	766,476	76,647.70
Mississippi		7	394,022	439,838		56,289.00
Missouri	11		1,025,935	890,016	80,910.64
Montana		3	167,922	179,652		55,974.33
Nevada	4		203,974	199,244	49,811.25
New Hampshire	4		246,214	196,532	49,133.25
New Jersey	15		1,652,329	1,103,078	73,538.60
New Mexico	5		273,495	232,751	46,550.40
New York	33		3,756,177	1,933,492	58,590.70
North Carolina		14	1,107,849	1,225,938		79,132.14
North Dakota		3	106,905	125,050		35,635.33
Ohio	21		2,148,222	1,859,883	88,565.90
Oklahoma		8	488,105	582,315		61,013.25
Oregon	7		649,641	538,152	76,879.00
Pennsylvania	23		2,215,819	1,801,169	78,311.74
Rhode Island	4		233,050	104,683	26,171.00
South Carolina		8	506,283	573,458		63,285.50
South Dakota		3	139,333	150,543		46,444.67
Tennessee	11		909,146	863,530	78,502.82
Texas		32	2,459,683	2,736,167		76,865.13
Utah		5	221,633	361,911		44,326.80
Vermont	3		137,894	80,352	26,784.33
Virginia		13	1,091,060	1,138,350		83,927.77
Washington	11		1,123,323	840,712	76,428.45
West Virginia	5		327,812	233,946	46,789.40
Wisconsin	11		1,071,971	845,029	76,820.91
Wyoming		3	77,934	105,388		25,978.33
Totals	375	154	26,519,317	10,668,819	70,718.18	69,278.05
					Advantage Rs by: 0.02

Votes per Electoral Vote - 2000

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	692,611	941,173		76,956.89
Alaska		3	79,004	167,398		26,335.00
Arizona		8	685,341	781,652		85,667.75
Arkansas		6	422,768	472,940		70,461.50
California	54		5,861,203	4,567,429	84,582.04
Colorado		8	738,227	883,748		92,278.50
Connecticut	8		816,015	561,094	70,136.88
Delaware	3		180,068	137,288	45,763.00
District of Col.	3		171,923	18,073	6,024.67
Florida		25	2,912,253	2,912,790		116,490.16
Georgia		13	1,116,230	1,419,720		85,863.92
Hawaii	4		205,286	137,845	34,461.50
Idaho		4	138,637	336,937		34,659.50
Illinois	22		2,589,026	2,019,421	91,791.91
Indiana		12	901,980	1,245,836		75,165.08
Iowa	7		638,517	634,373	90,624.86
Kansas		6	399,276	622,332		66,546.17
Kentucky		8	638,898	872,492		79,862.38
Louisiana		9	792,344	927,871		88,038.33
Maryland	10		1,145,782	813,797	81,379.80
Massachusetts	12		1,616,487	878,502	73,208.58
Michigan	18		2,170,418	1,953,139	108,507.78
Minnesota	10		1,168,266	1,109,659	110,966.00
Mississippi		7	404,614	572,844		57,802.14
Missouri		11	1,111,138	1,189,924		101,012.64
Montana		3	137,126	240,178		45,709.00
Nevada		4	279,978	301,575		69,994.75
New Hampshire		4	266,348	273,559		66,587.25
New Jersey	15		1,788,850	1,284,173	85,611.60
New Mexico	5		286,783	286,417	57,283.60
New York	33		4,107,697	2,403,374	72,829.55
North Carolina		14	1,257,692	1,631,163		89,835.21
North Dakota		3	95,284	174,852		31,761.67
Ohio		21	2,186,190	2,351,209		104,104.33
Oklahoma		8	474,276	744,337		59,284.63
Oregon	7		720,342	713,577	101,939.71
Pennsylvania	23		2,485,967	2,281,127	99,179.48
Rhode Island	4		249,508	130,555	32,639.00
South Carolina		8	565,561	785,937		70,695.25
South Dakota		3	118,804	190,700		39,601.67
Tennessee		11	981,720	1,061,949		89,247.36
Texas		32	2,433,746	3,799,639		76,054.59
Utah		5	203,053	515,096		40,610.80
Vermont	3		149,022	119,775	39,925.33
Virginia		13	1,217,290	1,437,490		93,637.77
Washington	11		1,247,652	1,108,864	100,805.91
West Virginia		5	295,497	336,475		59,099.60
Wisconsin	11		1,242,987	1,237,279	112,480.00
Wyoming		3	60,481	147,947		20,160.67
Totals	263	266	22,395,781	21,606,396	85,155.06	81,227.05
					Advantage Rs by: 0.05

Votes per Electoral Vote - 2004

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	693,933	1,176,394		77,103.78
Alaska		3	111,025	190,889		37,008.67
Arizona		10	893,524	1,104,294		89,352.50
Arkansas		6	469,953	572,898		78,325.67
California	55		6,745,485	5,509,826	100,178.67
Colorado		9	1,001,732	1,101,255		111,303.67
Connecticut	7		857,488	693,826	99,118.14
Delaware	3		200,152	171,660	57,220.33
District of Col.	3		202,970	21,256	7,085.67
Florida		27	3,583,544	3,964,522		132,723.89
Georgia		15	1,366,149	1,914,254		91,076.67
Hawaii	4		231,708	194,191	48,548.00
Idaho		4	181,098	409,235		45,274.75
Illinois	21		2,891,550	2,345,946	111,711.76
Indiana		11	969,011	1,479,438		88,092.00
Iowa		7	741,898	751,957		105,985.57
Kansas		6	434,993	736,456		72,499.00
Kentucky		8	712,733	1,069,439		89,091.75
Louisiana		9	820,299	1,102,169		91,144.44
Maryland	10		1,334,493	1,024,703	102,470.40
Massachusetts	12		1,803,800	1,071,109	89,259.17
Michigan	17		2,479,183	2,313,746	136,102.76
Minnesota	10		1,445,014	1,346,695	134,669.60
Mississippi		6	458,094	684,981		76,349.17
Missouri		11	1,259,171	1,455,713		114,470.18
Montana		3	173,710	266,063		57,903.67
Nevada		5	397,190	418,690		79,438.20
New Hampshire	4		340,511	331,237	82,809.50
New Jersey	15		1,911,430	1,670,003	111,333.60
New Mexico		5	370,942	376,930		74,188.60
New York	31		4,314,280	2,962,567	95,566.71
North Carolina		15	1,525,849	1,961,166		101,723.33
North Dakota		3	111,052	196,651		37,017.67
Ohio		20	2,741,167	2,859,768		137,058.40
Oklahoma		7	503,966	959,792		71,995.29
Oregon	7		943,163	866,831	123,833.14
Pennsylvania	21		2,938,095	2,793,847	133,040.38
Rhode Island	4		259,765	169,046	42,261.75
South Carolina		8	661,699	937,974		82,712.50
South Dakota		3	149,244	232,584		49,748.33
Tennessee		11	1,036,477	1,384,375		94,225.27
Texas		34	2,832,704	4,526,917		83,314.85
Utah		5	241,199	663,742		48,240.00
Vermont	3		184,067	121,180	40,393.67
Virginia		13	1,454,742	1,716,959		111,903.31
Washington	11		1,510,201	1,304,894	118,626.82
West Virginia		5	326,541	423,778		65,308.40
Wisconsin	10		1,489,504	1,478,120	147,812.10
Wyoming		3	70,776	167,629		23,592.33
Totals	248	281	26,390,702	26,294,445	106,414.12	93,574.54
					Advantage Rs by: 0.13

Votes per Electoral Vote - 2008

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	813,479	1,266,546		90,386.67
Alaska		3	123,594	193,841		41,198.33
Arizona		10	1,034,707	1,230,111		103,470.80
Arkansas		6	422,310	638,017		70,385.17
California	55		8,274,473	5,011,781	91,123.31
Colorado	9		1,288,633	1,073,629	119,292.22
Connecticut	7		997,772	629,428	89,918.43
Delaware	3		255,459	152,374	50,791.67
District of Col.	3		245,800	17,367	5,789.33
Florida	27		4,282,074	4,045,624	149,837.96
Georgia		15	1,844,123	2,048,759		122,941.60
Hawaii	4		325,871	120,566	30,141.75
Idaho		4	236,440	403,012		59,110.25
Illinois	21		3,419,348	2,031,179	96,722.86
Indiana	11		1,374,039	1,345,648	122,331.73
Iowa	7		828,940	682,379	97,482.86
Kansas		6	514,765	699,655		85,794.33
Kentucky		8	751,985	1,048,462		93,998.25
Louisiana		9	782,989	1,148,275		86,998.89
Maryland	10		1,629,467	959,862	95,986.30
Massachusetts	12		1,904,097	1,108,854	92,404.58
Michigan	17		2,872,579	2,048,639	120,508.24
Minnesota	10		1,573,354	1,275,409	127,541.00
Mississippi		6	554,662	724,597		92,443.83
Missouri		11	1,441,911	1,445,814		131,082.91
Montana		3	231,667	242,763		77,222.67
Nevada	5		533,736	412,827	82,565.60
New Hampshire	4		384,826	316,534	79,133.75
New Jersey	15		2,215,422	1,613,207	107,547.20
New Mexico	5		472,422	346,832	69,366.60
New York	31		4,804,945	2,752,771	88,799.10
North Carolina	15		2,142,651	2,128,474	141,898.33
North Dakota		3	141,278	168,601		47,093.00
Ohio	20		2,940,044	2,677,820	133,891.05
Oklahoma		7	502,496	960,165		71,785.29
Oregon	7		1,037,291	738,475	105,496.57
Pennsylvania	21		3,276,363	2,655,885	126,470.76
Rhode Island	4		296,571	165,391	41,348.00
South Carolina		8	862,449	1,034,896		107,806.25
South Dakota		3	170,924	203,054		56,975.00
Tennessee		11	1,087,437	1,479,178		98,858.00
Texas		34	3,528,633	4,479,328		103,783.35
Utah		5	327,670	596,030		65,534.20
Vermont	3		219,262	98,974	32,991.67
Virginia	13		1,959,532	1,725,005	132,692.77
Washington	11		1,750,848	1,229,216	111,747.00
West Virginia		5	303,857	397,466		60,771.60
Wisconsin	10		1,677,211	1,262,393	126,239.40
Wyoming		3	82,868	164,958		27,623.00
Totals	360	169	38,626,571	15,760,265	107,296.03	93,256.01
					Advantage Rs by: 0.14

Votes per Electoral Vote - 2012

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	795,696	1,255,925		88,410.78
Alaska		3	122,640	164,676		40,880.33
Arizona		11	1,025,232	1,233,654		93,203.00
Arkansas		6	394,409	647,744		65,735.00
California	55		7,854,285	4,839,958	87,999.25
Colorado	9		1,323,102	1,185,243	131,693.78
Connecticut	7		905,083	634,892	90,699.00
Delaware	3		242,584	165,484	55,161.67
District of Col.	3		267,070	21,381	7,127.33
Florida	29		4,237,756	4,163,447	143,567.17
Georgia		16	1,773,827	2,078,688		110,864.25
Hawaii	4		306,658	121,015	30,254.00
Idaho		4	212,787	420,911		53,197.00
Illinois	20		3,019,512	2,135,216	106,760.85
Indiana		11	1,152,887	1,420,543		104,808.00
Iowa	6		822,544	730,617	121,769.67
Kansas		6	440,726	692,634		73,454.50
Kentucky		8	679,370	1,087,190		84,921.38
Louisiana		8	809,141	1,152,262		101,142.75
Maryland	10		1,677,844	971,869	97,187.00
Massachusetts	11		1,921,290	1,188,314	108,028.64
Michigan	16		2,564,569	2,115,256	132,203.56
Minnesota	10		1,546,167	1,320,225	132,022.60
Mississippi		6	562,949	710,746		93,825.00
Missouri		10	1,223,796	1,482,440		122,379.70
Montana		3	201,839	267,928		67,280.00
Nevada	6		531,373	463,567	77,261.33
New Hampshire	4		369,561	329,918	82,479.75
New Jersey	14		2,125,101	1,477,568	105,540.64
New Mexico	5		415,335	335,788	67,157.80
New York	29		4,485,741	2,490,431	85,876.97
North Carolina		15	2,178,391	2,270,395		145,226.13
North Dakota		3	124,827	188,163		41,609.33
Ohio	18		2,827,709	2,661,437	147,857.67
Oklahoma		7	443,547	891,325		63,364.00
Oregon	7		970,488	754,175	107,739.43
Pennsylvania	20		2,990,274	2,680,434	134,021.75
Rhode Island	4		279,677	157,204	39,301.25
South Carolina		9	865,941	1,071,645		96,215.78
South Dakota		3	145,039	210,610		48,346.67
Tennessee		11	960,709	1,462,330		87,337.27
Texas		38	3,308,124	4,569,843		87,055.92
Utah		6	251,813	740,600		41,969.00
Vermont	3		199,239	92,698	30,899.67
Virginia	13		1,971,820	1,822,522	140,194.08
Washington	12		1,755,396	1,290,670	107,555.92
West Virginia		5	238,269	417,655		47,654.00
Wisconsin	10		1,620,985	1,407,966	140,796.70
Wyoming		3	69,286	170,962		23,095.67
Totals	328	201	35,557,321	17,981,268	108,406.47	89,459.04
					Advantage Rs by: 0.19

Votes per Electoral Vote - 2016

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	729,547	1,318,255		81,060.89
Alaska		3	116,454	163,387		38,818.33
Arizona		11	1,161,167	1,252,401		105,560.73
Arkansas		6	380,494	684,872		63,415.83
California	55		8,753,792	4,483,814	81,523.91
Colorado	9		1,338,870	1,202,484	133,609.44
Connecticut	7		897,572	673,215	96,173.71
Delaware	3		235,603	185,127	61,709.33
District of Col.	3		282,830	12,723	4,241.33
Florida		29	4,504,975	4,617,886		155,344.00
Georgia		16	1,877,963	2,089,104		117,372.75
Hawaii	4		266,891	128,847	32,212.00
Idaho		4	189,765	409,055		47,441.50
Illinois	20		3,090,729	2,146,015	107,300.80
Indiana		11	1,033,126	1,557,286		93,920.64
Iowa		6	653,669	800,983		108,945.00
Kansas		6	427,005	671,018		71,167.67
Kentucky		8	628,854	1,202,971		78,606.88
Louisiana		8	780,154	1,178,638		97,519.38
Maryland	10		1,677,928	943,169	94,317.00
Massachusetts	11		1,995,196	1,090,893	99,172.18
Michigan		16	2,268,839	2,279,543		141,802.50
Minnesota	10		1,367,716	1,322,951	132,295.20
Mississippi		6	485,131	700,714		80,855.33
Missouri		10	1,071,068	1,594,511		107,106.90
Montana		3	177,709	279,240		59,236.67
Nevada	6		539,260	512,058	85,343.17
New Hampshire	4		348,526	345,790	86,447.75
New Jersey	14		2,148,278	1,601,933	114,423.86
New Mexico	5		385,234	319,667	63,933.60
New York	29		4,556,118	2,819,533	97,225.31
North Carolina		15	2,189,316	2,362,631		145,954.47
North Dakota		3	93,758	216,794		31,253.00
Ohio		18	2,394,164	2,841,005		133,009.17
Oklahoma		7	420,375	949,136		60,053.71
Oregon	7		1,002,106	782,403	111,772.00
Pennsylvania		20	2,926,441	2,970,733		146,322.10
Rhode Island	4		252,525	180,543	45,136.00
South Carolina		9	855,373	1,155,389		95,041.56
South Dakota		3	117,458	227,721		39,153.00
Tennessee		11	870,695	1,522,925		79,154.18
Texas		38	3,877,868	4,685,047		102,049.18
Utah		6	310,676	515,231		51,779.50
Vermont	3		178,573	95,369	31,790.00
Virginia	13		1,981,473	1,769,443	136,111.08
Washington	12		1,742,718	1,221,747	101,812.33
West Virginia		5	188,794	489,371		37,759.00
Wisconsin		10	1,382,536	1,405,284		138,253.70
Wyoming		3	55,973	174,419		18,658.00
Totals	229	300	21,837,744	32,169,376	95,361.33	107,231.25
					Advantage Ds by: 0.12

Votes per Electoral Vote - 2020

State	Electoral Votes		Votes		VPEV
State	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep
Alabama		9	849,624	1,441,170		94,402.78
Alaska		3	153,778	189,951		51,259.67
Arizona	11		1,672,143	1,661,686	151,062.45
Arkansas		6	423,932	760,647		70,655.50
California	55		11,110,250	6,006,429	109,207.82
Colorado	9		1,804,352	1,364,607	151,623.11
Connecticut	7		1,080,831	714,717	102,102.57
Delaware	3		296,268	200,603	66,868.00
District of Col.	3		317,323	18,586	6,195.67
Florida		29	5,297,045	5,668,731		182,656.76
Georgia	16		2,473,633	2,461,854	153,865.94
Hawaii	4		366,130	196,864	49,216.25
Idaho		4	287,021	554,119		71,755.50
Illinois	20		3,471,915	2,446,891	122,344.60
Indiana		11	1,242,416	1,729,519		112,947.00
Iowa		6	759,061	897,672		126,510.33
Kansas		6	570,323	771,406		95,054.00
Kentucky		8	772,474	1,326,646		96,559.38
Louisiana		8	856,034	1,255,776		107,004.38
Maryland	10		1,985,023	976,414	97,641.50
Massachusetts	11		2,382,202	1,167,202	106,109.36
Michigan	16		2,804,040	2,649,852	165,615.81
Minnesota	10		1,717,077	1,484,065	148,406.60
Mississippi		6	539,398	756,764		89,899.83
Missouri		10	1,253,014	1,718,736		125,301.50
Montana		3	244,786	343,602		81,595.67
Nevada	6		703,486	669,890	111,648.50
New Hampshire	4		424,937	365,660	91,415.25
New Jersey	14		2,608,335	1,883,274	134,519.64
New Mexico	5		501,614	401,894	80,379.00
New York	29		5,230,985	3,244,798	111,889.62
North Carolina		15	2,684,292	2,758,775		178,952.87
North Dakota		3	114,902	235,595		38,301.00
Ohio		18	2,679,165	3,154,834		148,842.56
Oklahoma		7	503,890	1,020,280		71,984.43
Oregon	7		1,340,383	958,448	136,921.29
Pennsylvania	20		3,458,229	3,377,674	168,883.75
Rhode Island	4		307,486	199,922	49,980.75
South Carolina		9	1,091,541	1,385,103		121,282.44
South Dakota		3	150,471	261,043		50,157.33
Tennessee		11	1,143,711	1,852,475		103,973.82
Texas		38	5,259,126	5,890,347		138,398.08
Utah		6	560,282	865,140		93,380.50
Vermont	3		242,820	112,704	37,568.33
Virginia	13		2,413,568	1,962,430	150,956.23
Washington	12		2,369,612	1,584,651	132,054.33
West Virginia		5	235,984	545,382		47,197.00
Wisconsin	10		1,630,866	1,610,184	161,018.50
Wyoming		3	73,491	193,559		24,497.33
Totals	302	227	37,721,324	27,745,785	124,905.05	122,228.13
					Advantage Rs by: 0.02

← Appendix E Back to Data Appendix G →